Final answer:
Two key characteristics of social welfare policies are economic equity and building a safety net.
Step-by-step explanation:
Two key characteristics of social welfare policies are economic equity and building a safety net. Social welfare policies aim to ensure fairness and distribute wealth by taxing wealthier individuals at a higher percentage and providing social welfare programs to assist lower-income populations. These programs can include food stamps, affordable housing, medical care, and education grants. Additionally, social welfare policies create a safety net that catches individuals who are experiencing economic hardships through no fault of their own, preventing further economic downturns.