Final answer:
Psychoses, including schizophrenia, are marked by distortions of reality, emotional disturbances, and cognitive difficulties but are not associated with savant-like increases in intelligence. Individuals with psychosis may experience a range of symptoms that can negatively impact cognitive function and learning, rather than enhancing intelligence.
Step-by-step explanation:
Psychoses are characterized by severe distortions of reality, affective disturbances, and problems with intellectual functioning, but not by savant-like increases in intelligence. The direct answer to the student’s question is that psychoses are characterized by all of the following except savant-like increases in intelligence. Conditions such as schizophrenia often lead to difficulty in distinguishing between reality and imagination, poor emotional regulation, and impaired cognition, but they do not enhance intelligence. In fact, cognitive functioning can be significantly impaired. Antipsychotic medications may help alleviate some symptoms of psychosis, including hallucinations and delusions, and can aid in the management of the disorder. Despite this, these medications do not cure the underlying condition nor do they result in increased intelligence.
It’s important to note that while individuals with certain developmental disorders, such as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), can show savant abilities or have high functioning in certain areas, this is not indicative of psychosis. Psychotic episodes are known to affect learning and cognitive processes negatively, leading to difficulty in clear thinking, increased anxiety, or the loss of previous learning, but this is distinct from any savant-like abilities which are not characteristic of psychosis.