Final answer:
In MRP-based planning, the true statements are that planning involves 'exploding' the BOM to determine component needs, and dependent demand is calculated from independent demand (option c). It is not exclusively based on historical data, necessarily used for low-value materials, or based on calculating a reorder point.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question concerns Material Requirements Planning (MRP), a system used in production planning and inventory control. Let's address each statement:
- Planning is based on historical data: This statement can be true if the MRP system is using historical consumption data to improve forecasts for future demand, but it is not exclusively based on historical data as it often relies on actual customer orders.
- Planning is based on exploding the BOM: This statement is true. MRP systems 'explode' the Bill of Materials (BOM) to determine the quantities of each component that will be required to meet the production schedule.
- Dependent demand is derived from independent demand: This statement is true. In MRP, the need for lower-level components (dependent demand) is calculated from the demand for finished products (independent demand).
- It is used for low-value materials: This statement is not necessarily true. MRP is used for both high-value and low-value materials, although simpler systems may be used for the latter.
- Planning is based on calculating a reorder point: This is more characteristic of just-in-time (JIT) or reorder point planning, rather than MRP, which instead plans order releases based on the master schedule.
Therefore, the true statements concerning MRP-based planning are that planning is based on exploding the BOM and that dependent demand is derived from independent demand.