Final answer:
The Battaglione Azad Hindoustan was formed in Italy, and it consisted of Indian soldiers. Portugal began the era of Atlantic exploration. Troops from Australia and New Zealand sustained heavy casualties at Gallipoli.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Battaglione Azad Hindoustan was formed in Italy. This battalion was composed of Indian soldiers during World War II.
To answer the reference questions provided, Portugal initiated the era of Atlantic exploration, which marked the start of the great age of discovery that would eventually include other European powers.
Regarding the heavy casualties at Gallipoli during World War I, they were sustained by Australia and New Zealand, countries that were part of the Allied forces in that campaign.