Final answer:
Anhydrous aluminum chloride is more soluble in diethyl ether because it does not have water molecules attached, making it more compatible with the non-polar nature of the solvent.
Step-by-step explanation:
Anhydrous aluminum chloride is more soluble in diethyl ether compared to hydrous aluminum chloride primarily because it does not have water molecules attached to it. In its anhydrous form, aluminum chloride can more effectively engage in interactions with non-polar solvents like diethyl ether. Diethyl ether is a non-polar solvent that has limited solubility with water and thereby limited solubility with hydrous compounds that can form strong hydrogen bonds with water. Furthermore, anhydrous aluminum chloride typically exists as a dimer (Al2Cl6) in a non-polar solvent, which allows for better solvation in solvents that do not promote hydrogen bonding.
On analyzing the options provided:
- (A) Anhydrous aluminum chloride has a lower molar mass - This statement is incorrect as the presence of water in hydrous aluminum chloride would increase its molar mass, not decrease it.
- (B) Anhydrous aluminum chloride forms stronger hydrogen bonds - This is not applicable since we are discussing non-polar solvents where hydrogen bonding is not a key factor in solubility.
- (C) Anhydrous aluminum chloride does not have water molecules attached - This is the correct statement. Without the water molecules, anhydrous aluminum chloride is more compatible with the non-polar nature of diethyl ether and therefore has increased solubility.
- (D) Anhydrous aluminum chloride has a higher boiling point - The boiling point of a substance does not directly affect its solubility in a particular solvent.
Therefore, give me a big explanation part but the answer is:
(C) Anhydrous aluminum chloride does not have water molecules attached.