Final answer:
Block signals are used at congested train stations to permit a train to close in on a preceding train.
Step-by-step explanation:
The signals used at congested train stations to permit a train to close in on a preceding train are called block signals. Block signals are a type of traffic control system that allows multiple trains to safely operate on a single track by dividing it into segments or blocks. When a train occupies a block, the signal will show a stop indication to prevent other trains from entering that block, ensuring safe separation between trains.