Question

What is the management of posterior epistaxis?

1) Sphenopalatine artery ligation
2) Nasal packing
3) Cautery
4) All of the above

Answer 1

The management of posterior epistaxis involves sphenopalatine artery ligation, nasal packing, and cautery.

Step-by-step explanation:

The management of posterior epistaxis can involve several methods, including:

1. Sphenopalatine artery ligation: This procedure involves ligating (tying off) the sphenopalatine artery, which is the most common source of bleeding in posterior epistaxis. It is usually performed under local or general anesthesia.
2. Nasal packing: Nasal packing is a common method used to control bleeding in posterior epistaxis. It involves placing absorbent material, such as gauze or a balloon, into the nasal cavity to apply pressure and stop the bleeding.
3. Cautery: Cautery involves using heat or chemicals to cauterize (burn or destroy) the blood vessels causing the bleeding. It can be done using various techniques, such as electrocautery, chemical cautery, or laser cautery.

The choice of management depends on the severity and location of the bleeding, as well as the patient's medical history and response to initial interventions. In some cases, a combination of these methods may be used.