Final answer:
A Repeater is the device used to retransmit lower-power signals at a higher power for a rural EMS unit's radio communications system, which is essential for covering larger distances.
Step-by-step explanation:
When designing a radio communications system for a rural EMS unit, the device you are likely looking for to retransmit lower-power signals at a higher power is a Repeater. A repeater receives weak or low-level radio signals and retransmits them at a higher power so they can cover longer distances without degradation. This is crucial for effective communication in areas where the EMS unit may have to operate over expansive, rural areas where signal strength can be a major issue.
Portable radios are individual units carried by personnel, a base station is a fixed central point of communication in a system, and a cell phone is a personal communication device that operates using a network of localized towers. Repeaters are specifically designed to help with extending the range of communication systems.