Final answer:
Shaping is the process of improving performance incrementally by rewarding successive approximations of a target behavior. So, the correct answer is option a.
Step-by-step explanation:
Shaping is the process of improving performance incrementally by rewarding successive approximations of a target behavior. In shaping, behaviors are broken down into small, achievable steps. For example, parents can use shaping to help their child learn to clean their room by reinforcing each step towards the goal, such as cleaning up one toy, then five toys, and so on until the entire room is cleaned.
So, the correct answer is option a.