Final answer:
Homophobia is the term used to describe a disapproval or discrimination against gay individuals, and is rooted in irrational fear or aversion towards LGBTQ+ people. It is a form of heterosexism which privileges heterosexuals over other sexual orientations. Efforts towards equality have been made, including Obama's repeal of "don't ask, don't tell" and advocacy by organizations like GLAAD.
Step-by-step explanation:
People who disapprove of gay individuals demonstrate an attitude known as homophobia. Homophobia refers to an irrational fear of, aversion to, or discrimination against LGBTQ+ people. It's a form of prejudice that can lead to negative behaviors, including exclusion from social groups, avoidance in personal spaces, and inequalities in employment opportunities. This discrimination is often based on heterosexism, the systemic privileging of heterosexuality over other sexual orientations, and is reinforced by societal norms and stereotypes.
Significant measures against based on sexual orientation discrimination have been instituted more recently. President Obama's repeal of "don't ask, don't tell" and increasing acknowledgment of the need for workplace equality exemplify such efforts. Organizations like GLAAD work to highlight and combat sexual discrimination, advocating for equal rights for the LGBTQ+ community.