Final answer:
The study of how genetic and environmental influences impact behavior and personality is known as behavior genetics (option c). This field uses twin and adoption studies to analyze individual differences, while epigenetics studies the gene expression changes due to environmental factors.
Step-by-step explanation:
The study of the relative power and limits of genetic and environmental influences on behavior and personality traits is known as behavior genetics. This field examines how individual differences arise through the interplay of genes and environment.
Behavior geneticists utilize twin and adoption studies to dissect the contributions of genetic inheritance and environmental factors to various traits. On the other hand, epigenetics is concerned with how gene expression can be altered by environmental factors and how these changes can affect individuals and be passed down through generations, demonstrating evolution at work within a human lifetime.
Whereas evolutionary psychology examines universal patterns of behavior that have evolved over time, and social psychology focuses primarily on situational factors affecting behavior, behavior genetics is specifically interested in the genetic and environmental influences on individual differences in behavior.