Final answer:
To select a simple random sample, assign each population member a number and then use a random number generator to pick the sample. The sampling frame must include the whole population, and the sampling ratio depends on the population size and desired precision.
Step-by-step explanation:
To select a simple random sample from a population, each member of the population must have an equal chance of being chosen. One common way to do this is to assign a unique number to every individual in the population, and then use a random number generator to select a set of numbers corresponding to the members who will be included in the sample. This method ensures that each possible sample of the desired size has an equal chance of being selected.
When selecting an appropriate sampling frame, one must ensure that it includes the entire target population and that it allows every member an equal opportunity to be sampled. As for the sampling ratio, this refers to the proportion of the population that is chosen for the sample. It is usually determined by the size of the population and the level of precision required for the study's findings.
For instance, to draw a random sample of 30 students from a class of 200, you could assign each student a number from 1 to 200 and use a random number generator to pick 30 unique numbers.