Question

Microorganisms account for about 50% of the earth's _____, which is the conversion of light energy from the sun into organic molecules.

A) Photosynthesis
B) Respiration
C) Decomposition
D) Nitrogen fixation

Answer 1

Microorganisms contribute to about 50% of the planet's photosynthesis, which is the correct answer to the student's question, being choice A) Photosynthesis.

Step-by-step explanation:

The correct answer is A) Photosynthesis.

Microorganisms account for about 50% of the earth's photosynthesis, which is the conversion of light energy from the sun into organic molecules.

Photosynthesis is a key ecosystem process carried out not just by plants but also by microorganisms such as cyanobacteria. These microbial photosynthesizers play a critical role in many ecosystems, converting solar energy into chemical energy and, in the process, producing organic compounds that are the basis for the food web. Via photosynthesis, microorganisms contribute significantly to the fixation of carbon dioxide, thus regulating atmospheric levels of this greenhouse gas. While other processes like microbial decomposition and nitrogen fixation are also essential for ecosystem functioning, they do not involve the conversion of light energy into organic molecules, distinguishing photosynthesis as the correct match for the given definition.