Final answer:
Anarchist movements advocate for a society without government, where order arises from voluntary cooperation rather than force. While criticized for potential violence and disorder, proponents argue for nonviolent self-governance and community support as fundamental to societal structure.
Step-by-step explanation:
The subject matter of the question revolves around anarchist movements which suggest a societal structure without government or authority. Anarchism is characterized by a belief in the elimination of all government and the organization of society on a voluntary, cooperative basis without recourse to force or compulsion. It's important to note that anarchism does not equate to disorganization or chaos; instead, anarchists argue that true order emerges from the absence of imposed authority.
Criticisms of anarchy often focus on the potential for increased violence and lack of dispute resolution in the absence of a government, while proponents point to the prevalence of violence due to socioeconomic imbalances, arguing these would be reduced without government interference. Historical figures such as Emma Goldman have both perpetuated and challenged the association of anarchy with political violence, often advocating for nonviolent forms of disobedience.
Anarchist movements can be complex and varied, with some embracing the idea of social anarchism, which looks to community involvement and mutual aid as a basis for society, countering the notion that anarchy inevitably leads to disorder and chaos.