Final answer:
Transcription requires RNA polymerase and the promoter region. Transcription factors assist in this process in eukaryotic cells, but the core requirements for initiating transcription are RNA polymerase and a promoter.
Step-by-step explanation:
The process of transcription relies on two main components: RNA polymerase and a promoter. During transcription, RNA polymerase reads a DNA template strand and catalyzes the synthesis of a complementary RNA strand. This does not require a primer, contrary to DNA replication. In eukaryotic cells, transcription initiation also involves various transcription factors which bind to the promoter region, aiding in the recruitment of RNA polymerase to commence the transcription process. The correct answer to which of the following are required for the process of transcription is C) RNA polymerase and the promoter.
The process of transcription requires RNA polymerase and the promoter.
RNA polymerase is the enzyme responsible for catalyzing the synthesis of RNA using the template DNA strand. It uses ribose nucleotide triphosphates (NTP) to build the complementary RNA strand.
The promoter is a specific region of the DNA sequence where RNA polymerase binds to initiate transcription.