Final answer:
In a security assessment, the user's viewpoint and intention of harm should be considered, focusing on legitimate access needs and potential attacks, respectively. Determining the balance between benefits and harms is crucial to the security evaluation process.
Step-by-step explanation:
When conducting a security assessment, the perspectives that should be considered include the user's viewpoint and the intention of harm. The user's viewpoint focuses on the security measures from the perspective of those who are legitimately using the system or network. This involves understanding the user's behavior, access needs, and potential vulnerabilities they might encounter. Conversely, considering the intention of harm involves assessing the system from the perspective of an attacker, identifying potential targets and how they could be exploited.
Two key challenges when evaluating security measures are determining actions that produce more benefit than harm, and on what evidence these claims are based. For instance, in the context of security, benefits might comprise user convenience and efficiency, while harms could be privacy risks or increased vulnerability to attacks. The assessment involves balancing these factors to achieve the optimal security posture.