Final answer:
Mendel's Law of Segregation, also known as his first law of inheritance, is a fundamental principle of genetics where two alleles segregate and go to different gametes, thus correct answer is a) Mendel's 1st Law.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Law of Segregation was proposed by Gregor Mendel as his first law of inheritance. According to it, there are two factors (alleles) controlling a given characteristic, one of which may dominate the other, and these factors separate and go to different gametes when a parent reproduces. Therefore, the correct answer to which law Mendel proposed as the Law of Segregation is a) Mendel's 1st Law.
The physical basis of the Law of Segregation is the first division of meiosis, where homologous chromosomes are segregated into daughter nuclei, ensuring that offspring have an equal likelihood of inheriting either factor.
To summarize, Mendel's observation that true-breeding pea plants with contrasting traits resulted in F1 generations all expressing the dominant trait, but F2 generations expressing both dominant and recessive traits in a 3:1 ratio, led him to formulate the Law of Segregation.
The law of segregation proposed by Mendel is known as Mendel's 1st Law. According to this law, there are two factors controlling a given characteristic, one of which dominates the other. These factors separate and go to different gametes when a parent reproduces.