Final answer:
Research on gender relations shows deep-rooted perceptions of intelligence based on gender, persistent gendered expectations in child-rearing and professions, and educational disparities that affect girls more than boys.
Step-by-step explanation:
Cross-cultural research on gender relations reveals various insights about the perceptions and realities of gender roles across societies. One notable observation is that people often perceive their fathers as more intelligent than their mothers, despite evidence suggesting gender equality in cognitive abilities. This perception might stem from long-standing cultural stereotypes rather than actual differences in intelligence scores. Additionally, such stereotypes continue to influence expectations and behavior within family dynamics and societal roles; for example, gendered expectations in parenting and occupational choices often reinforce traditional gender roles, even as the biological evidence shows flexibility in gender and sexuality expressions.
Regarding child-rearing duties, it is generally not observed that men and women share these equally in most countries. Instead, historical and cultural factors often lead to women assuming a greater share of these responsibilities. Furthermore, prevalent stereotypes about the capabilities of men and women, such as multitasking, continue to shape how genders approach different tasks and activities. Lastly, in the context of education, it is worth noting that across the globe, the majority of children without basic schooling are not boys; girls tend to be more disadvantaged in this regard, which reflects broader gender inequalities in many societies.