Final answer:
A cell with two sets of each type of chromosome is considered diploid. This condition is denoted as 2n and is characteristic of most human body cells, except for reproductive cells which are haploid with only one set of chromosomes.
Step-by-step explanation:
A cell is considered diploid with regard to chromosomes if two of each type of chromosome are present inside the cell. This means that the cell contains two sets of chromosomes, one set inherited from each parent, referred to as 2n, where n is the number of sets of chromosomes. Most of the cells in a human body are diploid, including all the somatic, or non-reproductive, cells. In contrast, haploid cells have only one set of chromosomes and are typically seen in the reproductive cells, such as sperm and eggs in animals.
During sexual reproduction, when a haploid sperm cell and a haploid egg cell combine, they form a diploid zygote with each parent contributing half of the genetic material. The process of meiosis is essential for the production of haploid gametes from diploid cells. Polyploidy refers to having more than two sets of chromosomes, while aneuploidy refers to the presence of an abnormal number of chromosomes in a cell.