Final answer:
The cogito, or Cogito ergo sum, is a philosophical argument that asserts the existence of a thinking being based on the act of doubting or thinking.
Step-by-step explanation:
The cogito, or Cogito ergo sum, is a philosophical argument put forth by René Descartes. It translates to 'I think, therefore I am'. This argument asserts that the very act of doubting or thinking proves one's existence as a thinking being. The problem with this argument arises when it is read as an argument, as it contains a logical mistake known as a circular argument.