Final answer:
Heavy-duty detergents are used to remove tough stains and dirt from textiles, grease and oil from dishes, and stains from various surfaces, with surfactants being key to their cleaning efficiency. Option 3 is correct.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Role of Heavy-Duty Detergents
Heavy-duty detergents are designed to tackle heavy soiling and tough stains due to their unique surfactant formulations. Surfactants lower the surface tension of water to improve wetting of fabrics and help in the emulsification of oil and grease, allowing them to be washed away easily. Heavy-duty detergents are effective at:
Removing stains and dirt from heavily soiled clothing.
Eliminating grease and oil from dishes, especially when using dishwasher detergent.
Cleaning tough stains from carpets and upholstery.
Clearing mold and mildew from bathroom surfaces, although this is typically the domain of specialized cleaners rather than general laundry or dish detergents.
Although each detergent has a specific use, like laundry detergent for cleaning clothes and dishwasher detergent for washing dishes, their basic cleaning principle remains the same. Additionally, ingredients such as enzymes, optical brighteners, and fragrances enhance the cleaning and aesthetic qualities of detergents.