Final answer:
Ephesians chapter 4 teaches believers to discard their old corrupt ways and embrace a new life of righteousness and holiness like God. This teaching is part of a broader Christian transformation that included establishing a new communal identity and adopting practices contrasting former pagan customs.
Step-by-step explanation:
In Ephesians chapter 4, the teaching regarding the former way of life is one that advocates a transformation of character. Believers are encouraged to discard their old selves, which is characterized by a life of corruption and deceit, and to instead adopt a new self, created to be like God in true righteousness and holiness. This new way of life is centered on living out the ideals and principles established by Jesus Christ, fostering unity in the church, and building each other up in love.
The spread of Christianity in the ancient Mediterranean world by apostles like Paul involved the challenge of reconciling Greek and Roman cultural and religious experiences with the radically different values of Christianity. The emphasis on community, love, and holiness was at odds with some of the established practices of the time, such as animal sacrifice and emperor worship. By embracing a Christ-centered way of life, early Christians established a new communal identity and set of practices that directly contrasted with their former customs and beliefs.
These teachings align with the broader historical context of Christian learning and the evolution of Christian doctrine, which stressed personal transformation and a departure from pagan influences of the time. The challenge for both early Christians and contemporary believers is living a 'good' life that adheres to the tenets of Christianity, in contrast to the myriad of other cultural values and philosophical teachings that have existed over time.