Final answer:
The economic system described is State Capitalism, where a government exerts control over a capitalist market to improve individual prosperity and maintain its own authority.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the scenario presented, where the government manages the economic environment with the goal of improving individual prosperity to legitimize and maintain the government's authority, this aligns most closely with State Capitalism. Unlike a pure command economy where the government owns production to achieve societal goals or a market economy driven by private ownership and decentralized decision-making, state capitalism operates within the framework of a capitalist economy while the government exerts substantial control over economic enterprises to enhance its own stability and the nation's prosperity.