Final answer:
The Director of Photography, also known as a cinematographer, is responsible for choosing camera equipment and settings in film production. Digital photography offers scene modes like Portrait and Landscape to assist photographers with preset settings, and camera modes that range from auto to manual for more control.
Step-by-step explanation:
The individual who selects the cameras, film stock, lighting, and lenses to be used, as well as the setup or position of the camera, is known as the Director of Photography (DP) or cinematographer in the context of film production.
In digital photography, users have access to various shooting modes and scene modes to help capture images with optimal settings for different situations. Scene modes are preset combinations of shutter speed, aperture, and other adjustable factors, like color optimization. Common scene modes include Portrait, which uses a larger aperture for a narrow depth of field, and Landscape, which typically uses a smaller aperture for a greater depth of field.
Advanced digital cameras offer a range of modes from fully auto to manual, giving photographers control over shutter speed and aperture settings. Advanced modes include Program Auto, which calculates optimal exposure, or Intelligent Auto, which adapts to the photographer's intent by recognizing motion in subjects or enhancing colors in scenes like sunsets.