Final answer:
Physicians, hospitals, and other healthcare providers contracting with HMOs or employers to provide care is known as a Physician Hospital Organization (PHO), which focuses on cost-effective healthcare provision.
Step-by-step explanation:
When physicians, hospitals, and other healthcare providers contract with one or more HMOs or directly with employers to provide care, it is known as a Physician Hospital Organization (PHO).
This setup allows healthcare providers to manage the care of patients more efficiently and often involves a structure where providers receive a fixed payment per patient.
Unlike a fee-for-service or indemnity plan, a Physician Hospital Organization encourages the provision of care in a cost-effective manner, aiming to reduce the instances of unnecessary or excessive treatments.