Final answer:
An axosomatic synapse occurs between an axon terminal of one neuron and the cell body of another neuron.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of synapse that occurs between an axon terminal of one neuron and the cell body of another neuron is a axosomatic synapse. In synaptic transmission, a signal is released from the axon terminal of the presynaptic neuron. When this signal reaches the postsynaptic neuron, it can synapse with various parts of the neuron, including the cell body, or soma, dendrites, or the axon itself.
Specifically, a connection with the cell body is referred to as an axosomatic synapse, which is directly involved in transmitting the signal to the postsynaptic neuron's soma.