Final answer:
Excess mechanical stress on the ventricles that leads to hypertrophy and left ventricle dilation can be caused by stenosis, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or severe stress, and can result in heart failure if not treated.
Step-by-step explanation:
The condition that causes excess mechanical stress on the ventricles, resulting in the structural change of hypertrophy and eventually left ventricle dilation, can be attributed to several factors.
These can include conditions like stenosis, where heart valves become rigid, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy which is a pathological enlargement of the heart generally for no known reason, or even extreme stress events leading to broken heart syndrome.
If these conditions are left untreated, they may lead to heart failure, as the heart becomes less able to pump blood, leading to fluid buildup in the lungs and extremities or increased hydrostatic pressure within pulmonary capillaries causing pulmonary edema.