Final answer:
The two E. coli strains most common in travelers are Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), particularly strain O157:H7, and Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC). EHEC is known for severe outbreaks and a Shiga-like toxin, whereas ETEC causes traveler's diarrhea.
Step-by-step explanation:
Common E. coli Strains in Travelers
Travelers can be exposed to various strains of Escherichia coli (E. coli), but the two most commonly associated with illnesses are Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) and Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC). EHEC, particularly the strain O157:H7, is known for causing severe outbreaks and producing a deadly Shiga toxin. ETEC, commonly referred to as traveler's diarrhea, is a leading cause of diarrheal illness in people visiting developing countries.
EHEC's Shiga toxin disrupts protein synthesis leading to cellular death, while ETEC causes disease primarily through enterotoxins. Both types of pathogens can be acquired through contaminated food or water. It is crucial for travelers to be aware of the risks and take precautionary measures like consuming safe foods and beverages.