Final answer:
Gram-positive bacteria have a thick peptidoglycan cell wall with lipoteichoic acid, while Gram-negative bacteria have a thin peptidoglycan layer and an outer membrane with lipopolysaccharides and porins.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct statement regarding the cell walls of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria is that Gram-positive bacteria have a thick peptidoglycan layer and are anchored to the cell membrane by lipoteichoic acid, whereas Gram-negative bacteria have a thin peptidoglycan layer and an outer membrane that contains lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and lipoproteins. Porins, which are proteins in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, allow substances to pass through. Moreover, the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria includes LPS, an endotoxin contributing to severe symptoms during infections.