Final answer:
The mistake in the equation Ca + 3Cl = CaCl3 is that it doesn't correctly represent the reaction between calcium and chlorine, which yields calcium chloride with the formula CaCl2. The correct balanced equation should be Ca + 2Cl2 → CaCl2. When measuring 333 g of CaCl2, it equates to 3.00 moles of the compound.
Step-by-step explanation:
The mistake in the equation Ca + 3Cl = CaCl3 is that it doesn't represent the correct formula or balance for the reaction between calcium and chlorine. Calcium and chlorine react to form calcium chloride, which has the formula CaCl2 because the calcium ion has a +2 charge and the chloride ion has a -1 charge. Therefore, each calcium ion needs two chloride ions to balance the charge. The correct balanced chemical equation would be Ca + 2Cl2 → CaCl2.
When you measure the mass of 333 g of CaCl2, you are measuring 3.00 moles of CaCl2 because the molar mass of CaCl2 is 110.98 g/mol.
For practical applications such as experiments or reactions, one can use dimensional analysis to calculate the necessary mass of a substance based on the moles required.