Final answer:
b) Electrons are transferred
An ionic bond is characterized by the transfer of electrons from one atom to another, forming charged ions that are attracted to each other.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question asks to identify which option corresponds to an ionic bond. An ionic bond is formed when electrons are transferred from one atom to another, resulting in the creation of oppositely charged ions that are attracted to each other. Common table salt (NaCl) is a classic example of an ionic bond, where an electron is transferred from sodium (Na) to chlorine (Cl), forming Na+ and Cl- ions.
In contrast, a covalent bond involves the sharing of electrons between atoms. This can occur equally in the case of nonpolar covalent bonds, or unequally as in polar covalent bonds. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is: b) Electrons are transferred.