Final answer:
The correct answer to the IPv4 addressing scheme is d) Subnetting based on network requirements, which allows for hierarchical organization and efficient management of network resources by dividing a larger network into smaller subnetworks.
Step-by-step explanation:
When designing an IPv4 addressing scheme for end devices, certain criteria must be followed to ensure efficient and organized network operations. Among the given options, the most relevant criterion is d) Subnetting based on network requirements. Subnetting involves dividing a larger network into smaller, more manageable subnetworks, which helps in reducing broadcast traffic and improving security. It also allows for a hierarchical organization that can be scaled up or down as needed.
Options such as a) Sequential numbering and b) Random allocation do not provide the level of organization and control that subnetting offers, while c) Geographic location may influence the IP address allocation in larger organizations, but it is not a strict criterion that needs to be followed when setting up IPv4 addressing for end devices. Network requirements dictate the subnetting process, influencing how IP addresses are allocated within each subnet to facilitate network efficiency and resource management.
For example, if a company has multiple departments, such as administration, development, and support, each department can be assigned a specific subnet. This not only makes it easier to manage and maintain the network but also allows for policies and access controls to be applied more granularly. As a result, the IPv4 network design will be tailored to the operational needs and will provide the flexibility that the organization requires.