Final answer:
The philosopher who would most likely support taxing income to redistribute wealth to the poor is Karl Marx.
Step-by-step explanation:
The philosopher who would most likely support taxing income to redistribute wealth to the poor is Karl Marx. Marx believed in the concept of socialism, which advocates for the social ownership of the means of production and the redistribution of wealth to create a more equitable society.
Marx's ideology was a response to the widespread poverty and inequality that emerged during the Industrial Revolution. He argued that the capitalist system perpetuated economic disparities, and that a more fair and just society could be achieved through a communist revolution and the establishment of a classless society.
Unlike Adam Smith, John Locke, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau, who advocated for free markets, individual property rights, and limited government intervention, Marx believed in the need for collective control over resources and the economy to address social and economic inequalities.