Final answer:
Option B: The question revolves around the capacity to suffer and the existence of a benevolent deity, addressing the contradiction of suffering in a world governed by an omnipotent, omniscient, and wholly good being.
Step-by-step explanation:
The apparent contradiction discussed in the passage regarding the capacity to suffer and non-existence is that non-existent beings lack the capacity to suffer, yet if a benevolent deity allows suffering to exist, does it imply the deity is not wholly good or omnipotent? This philosophical query revolves around the Problem of Evil and Problem of Suffering, as these problems challenge the reconciliation of an all-powerful, all-knowing, and all-good deity with the existence of suffering and evil in the world. Various philosophical stances attempt to resolve this issue; for instance, Process Theology explores the dynamics of divine power and knowledge in relation to suffering, while others, such as David Hume, argue that the existence of evil challenges the justification of a caring Creator.
Ultimately, exploring the Evidential Problem of Evil leads to examining whether a deity uses evil for a greater purpose, and whether acts of evil or suffering can exist without leading to any beneficial result. This question dives deep into the nature of existence, the attributes of divinity, and philosophical interpretations of good, evil, and suffering.