Final answer:
The phrase "mustard gas and roses" juxtaposes the brutal effects of mustard gas in World War I against the traditional symbol of beauty and love, the rose. It reflects the horrific impact of chemical weapons in contrast with the transitory and fragile nature of life, as seen in artworks that use roses to signify transformation and decay.
Step-by-step explanation:
The phrase "mustard gas and roses" likely refers to the juxtaposition of the grim realities of war and the traditional symbol of beauty and love represented by roses. During World War I, mustard gas was one of the most feared chemical weapons used on the battlefield, causing severe injuries and deaths amongst soldiers.
It was a thick and heavy gas that could burn the skin, eyes, and respiratory system, with effects that could last for weeks and sometimes lead to death. This gas, along with other poisons like chlorine and phosgene, added a new dimension of horror to trench warfare, with no significant advantage gained, but at least 1.3 million people affected by gas attacks.
In contrast, roses have often symbolized beauty, love, and perfection. However, the reference to roses can also suggest decay and the fleeting nature of life, as seen in art installations where roses are used to convey messages of transformation from beauty to decay, reflecting the temporary and fragile state of life, much like the lives affected by the brutal use of mustard gas during the war.
The complete question is: To what does the phrase "mustard gas and roses" refer? is: