Final answer:
The surface area of the cell is the most important factor in determining how quickly materials can move into and out of a cell.
Step-by-step explanation:
The most important factor in determining how quickly materials can move into and out of a cell is the surface area of the cell. The surface area of a cell determines the amount of area available for substances to pass through. A larger surface area allows for more efficient exchange of nutrients and wastes with the environment. On the other hand, the volume of the cell, the mass of the cell, and the location of the cell in relation to its environment do not have a direct impact on the rate of material exchange.