Final answer:
The anti-colonial group that arose from the Kikuyu people in Kenya was named the Mau Mau, which played a central role in the fight for Kenyan independence, ultimately achieved in 1963.
Step-by-step explanation:
The revolutionary anti-colonial group born of the Kikuyu people of Kenya is known as the Mau Mau. This nationalist movement began in 1952 as an uprising against British colonial rule and the oppressive allocation of land, which left native Kenyans with marginal farmland while British settlers controlled the more profitable coffee plantations. The Mau Mau's struggle was characterized by both violent and non-violent resistance, with the aim of reclaiming their land and achieving independence. The uprising was a significant factor leading to Kenya's independence in 1963, with Jomo Kenyatta, a staunch figure in Kenyan nationalism, becoming the country's first Prime Minister and later its President.