Final answer:
The 100-year floodplain on NFIP maps is referred to as the Special Flood Hazard Area (SFHA), which indicates a zone with a high risk of flooding, having a 1% annual chance of a flood occurrence.
Step-by-step explanation:
On NFIP maps, the 100-year floodplain is called the Special Flood Hazard Area (SFHA). Understanding this term is crucial for recognizing areas that have a high risk of flooding. The SFHA is a designation given to regions that are estimated to have a 1% annual chance of flooding. This does not guarantee flooding will only occur once every 100 years, but rather that each year there is a 1 in 100 chance of experiencing a flood event of significant size.
Floodplain management is an important aspect of urban planning, as it involves assessing and mitigating the risks of flood damage. Building in these areas carries a higher risk and often requires special insurance, typically through the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP). Recognizing the correct terminology is fundamental for anyone involved in land development, urban planning, or purchasing property in these zones. The high-risk nature of building in a Special Flood Hazard Area necessitates additional precautions and considerations.