Final answer:
The symbols for the ions are Na+ for the sodium ion, Cl- for the chloride ion, Mg2+ for the magnesium ion, and O2- for the oxide ion, with the superscripts indicating their respective charges.
Step-by-step explanation:
The symbols for the ions you have asked for are as follows:
a) Sodium ion: Na+
b) Chloride ion: Cl−
c) Magnesium ion: Mg2+
d) Oxide ion: O2−
Each ion symbol includes the element's symbol from the periodic table followed by a superscript that indicates the charge of the ion. A positive sign indicates a cation (an ion that has lost electrons), while a negative sign indicates an anion (an ion that has gained electrons).