Final answer:
a. Industrial development
Copper extracted in Chile has historically played a significant role in the industrial development of Europe and America, contributing to technological advancements and manufacturing. Chile's copper exports continue to impact the global economy and maintain the country's status as a key international trading partner.
Step-by-step explanation:
Chile's extraction and export of copper has played a crucial role in its economic development and contributed to the industrial development of Europe and America. This natural resource, particularly from the Atacama Desert, has helped spur the emergence of Chile as a key player in international trade, while it has also been vital for the manufacturing sectors of European and American economies. Copper and other resources have historically been of high value, driving the expansion and competitiveness among imperial powers for the control of these commodities, such as during the rise of commercial capitalism following the Columbian Exchange.
Throughout history and particularly in the industrial era, Chilean copper has been integral in manufacturing and technological advancement, directly influencing the surge of industrial developments. Although Chile is now seeking to diversify its economy by moving into the manufacturing and commerce sectors, copper remains a significant export to global trading partners like the United States, further highlighting its role in supporting industrial activities.