Final answer:
To calculate the number of moles of oxygen in the oxide of tin sample, subtract the mass of tin from the mass of the sample and find the mass of oxygen. Convert the masses of tin and oxygen to moles using their respective molar masses, and use the molar ratio of tin and oxygen in the empirical formula to convert the moles of tin to moles of oxygen. The number of moles of oxygen in the oxide of tin sample is 0.0356 mol.
Step-by-step explanation:
To calculate the number of moles of oxygen in the oxide of tin sample, you need to first determine the mass of tin in the sample. Subtract the mass of the empty crucible with cover from the mass of the crucible, cover, and tin to find the mass of tin. Then subtract the mass of the crucible, cover, and tin after from the mass of the crucible, cover, and sample after to find the mass of oxygen. Next, calculate the number of moles of tin and oxygen using their respective molar masses. Finally, use the molar ratio between tin and oxygen in the empirical formula of the oxide of tin to convert the moles of tin to moles of oxygen.
Let's calculate the number of moles of oxygen:
Mass of tin = Mass of crucible, cover, and tin - Mass of empty crucible with cover
= 21.76 g - 19.66 g
= 2.10 g
Mass of oxygen = Mass of crucible, cover, and sample after - Mass of crucible, cover, and tin after
= 22.33 g - 21.76 g
= 0.57 g
Moles of tin = Mass of tin / Molar mass of tin
= 2.10 g / 118.7 g/mol
= 0.0177 mol
Moles of oxygen = Mass of oxygen / Molar mass of oxygen
= 0.57 g / 16.00 g/mol
= 0.0356 mol
The empirical formula of the oxide of tin is SnO2, which means there is a 1:2 ratio between tin and oxygen. Therefore, there are twice as many moles of oxygen as moles of tin in the oxide of tin sample.
The number of moles of oxygen in the oxide of tin sample is 0.0356 mol.