Final answer:
The stage of Erikson's developmental stages that involves children asserting independence for the first time is called autonomy versus shame, occurring in toddlers between the ages of 1 and 3.
Step-by-step explanation:
The stage in Erikson's developmental stages that occurs in childhood and involves asserting independence for the first time is autonomy versus shame. This stage typically occurs in toddlers aged 1-3 years.
During this period, children begin to explore and interact with their environment more robustly. A key part of this stage is the development of a sense of autonomy, as children demonstrate their ability to control actions and make choices concerning their preferences. This can be seen in behaviors such as wanting to choose their own clothes or engage in tasks independently. Successfully navigating this stage leads to a healthy sense of self-sufficiency, whereas failure might result in feelings of shame and doubt.
Erikson believed that each stage of development comes with its own set of conflicts and tasks which need to be resolved. How well these issues are addressed could significantly affect the individual's self-esteem and future capability to tackle subsequent life challenges.