Final answer:
Accidents involving teen drivers are influenced by factors like Overconfidence, Lack of focus, and Phoning while driving; each serves to increase the risk of crashes.
Step-by-step explanation:
The contributions to accidents when a teen driver has other teens as passengers include Overconfidence, Lack of focus, and Phoning while driving. Research indicates that these elements can significantly elevate the risk of a crash. For example, studies like Bayer, J. B., & Campbell, S. W. (2012) suggest that texting while driving can be a habitual problem, while Thompson et al. (2007) suggest that individuals with a history of ADHD may exhibit riskier driving behaviors.
Overconfidence in their driving abilities can cause teen drivers to take greater risks or underestimate dangerous situations. Lack of focus can be due to distractions from passengers, electronics, or other sources. Finally, Phoning while driving is particularly concerning as it takes the driver's attention away from the road, increasing the likelihood of an accident.