Final answer:
The dorsal roots of the spinal cord contain axons from sensory neurons for transmitting sensory information to the CNS, while the ventral roots contain axons from motor neurons that send signals to skeletal muscles to induce movement.
Step-by-step explanation:
The types of fibers found in the dorsal and ventral roots are essential for the functioning of the peripheral nervous system. The dorsal roots contain the axons of sensory neurons located in the dorsal root ganglia, which convey sensory information from the periphery, such as cutaneous or other peripheral sensory surfaces, into the central nervous system (CNS). Conversely, the ventral roots consist of axons of motor neurons that originate from the anterior horn of the spinal cord and project to effector organs, primarily the skeletal muscles, to cause contraction and bring about movement.
For instance, the radial nerve includes fibers that carry sensory information from the arm to the CNS, and motor fibers that send action potentials from the CNS to the muscles in the arm to control movement. This combination of sensory and motor fibers allows for the complex coordination functions necessary for everyday activities.