Final answer:
The maximum bearing pressure at a column base should not exceed specified Indian standards. Compressive stress can be calculated using the formula σ = F/A and the compressive strain is found using ε = ΔL/L, considering Young's modulus of the material.
Step-by-step explanation:
The maximum bearing pressure at a column base should be within the limits of the bearing strength as specified by Indian standards for construction. To find the compressive stress at the base of a column, you use the formula σ = F/A, where F is the force applied to the column and A is the cross-sectional area. In the case of Nelson's column, the force applied is given as F = 3.0 x 106 N, and the cross-sectional area is a circle, so A is πr2, with the radius r given as the square root of 2.46 x 10-3 m2. To find the compressive strain, the formula used is ε = ΔL/L, where ΔL is the change in length under the load and L is the original length. The value of Young's modulus, Y, is typically provided for the material in question for calculating strain.
On the other hand, the Indian Standard code would specify the maximum permissible bearing pressure based on the type of soil and the foundation details. For a specific project, an engineer would refer to the relevant IS code (like IS 1904 for foundation design) to determine the exact value which typically varies based on ground conditions, material properties, and design parameters.