Final answer:
Baking cookies and cooking pancakes both involve a cooking process, which is a chemical change induced by the application of heat.
Step-by-step explanation:
The common factor between baking cookies and cooking a pancake is that d) Both involve a cooking process. This process is not just about combining ingredients but is also related to chemistry because cooking causes chemical changes to occur in the food. For instance, when you bake cookies or cook pancakes, the heat from the oven or stovetop initiates reactions that transform the batter or dough into an edible, finished product. Cooking is different from just mixing ingredients because it often results in new flavors, textures, and properties emerging in the food, which are the result of chemical reactions occurring due to the application of heat.