Final answer:
Modeling heating and cooling systems should be based on manufacturer instructions or with the help of a licensed professional, rather than default settings or neighboring homes. Efficient design and proper insulation can maintain heat without active heating systems. Efficiency of refrigerators and heat pumps is higher when the temperature difference between the heat source and output is smaller.
Step-by-step explanation:
When modeling heating/cooling system fans and pumps, it's crucial to follow best practices to ensure proper function and efficiency. If using the HOT2000 software, default settings can serve as a starting point, but for accurate modeling, it is better to follow manufacturer instructions that provide specific performance data for the equipment being used. Consulting a licensed professional can ensure that the system is designed and installed correctly according to local codes and standards. This is preferable over basing your system design on neighboring houses as every building has unique thermal characteristics and energy needs. Homes in Northern European nations that are built without traditional heating systems remain warm due to exceptional insulation and heat retention from sources such as body heat and solar gain. Even when residents are absent, these houses retain warmth due to their design which minimizes heat loss. Refrigerators, air conditioners, and heat pumps are more cost-effective when operating between temperatures with small differences between the source (Th) and the output (To) because this minimizes the amount of work required to transfer heat, improving the coefficient of performance (COP) of the cycle.
Additionally, in the scenario of a heat pump versus direct heating, the heat pump can often provide the same level of comfort with significantly less energy input, as it is transferring existing heat rather than generating it from scratch.