Final Answer:
People with chronic alcoholism who abruptly stop drinking may experience a form of delirium called Alcohol withdrawal syndrome. Option A is correct.
Step-by-step explanation:
Alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) is a potentially severe condition that occurs when individuals with chronic alcoholism cease or significantly reduce their alcohol intake. This syndrome encompasses a range of symptoms, and one of the most serious manifestations is delirium, known as delirium tremens (DT).
Delirium tremens typically arises within 48 to 72 hours after the last drink and is characterized by intense confusion, hallucinations, hyperactivity, and autonomic dysregulation. It is crucial to note that not everyone experiencing alcohol withdrawal will develop delirium tremens, but those who do require immediate medical attention due to the associated risks, such as seizures and cardiovascular complications.
The physiological basis of alcohol withdrawal syndrome lies in the central nervous system's adaptation to chronic alcohol exposure. With prolonged alcohol consumption, the brain adjusts its neurotransmitter balance to counteract the sedative effects of alcohol. Abrupt cessation disrupts this delicate equilibrium, leading to hyperexcitability and, in severe cases, the onset of delirium.
The GABAergic system, which is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter system in the brain, undergoes alterations during chronic alcohol use, contributing to the withdrawal symptoms. Treatment for alcohol withdrawal syndrome often involves medications that modulate GABAergic activity to mitigate the risk of seizures and delirium.
In summary, alcohol withdrawal syndrome, specifically delirium tremens, is a serious neurological complication that can arise when individuals with chronic alcoholism abruptly stop drinking. The underlying neurobiological changes and the potential severity of symptoms necessitate prompt medical intervention to ensure patient safety during the withdrawal process. So, Option A is correct.