Final answer:
Total lung capacity (TLC) is the total volume of air contained in the lungs after the deepest possible inhalation and the lungs are filled, involving the sum of all lung volume components.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term you are looking for is total lung capacity (TLC), which is the sum of the residual volume, expiratory reserve volume, tidal volume, and inspiratory reserve volume. The total lung capacity is the maximum volume of air that the lungs can hold after a maximal inspiration. This capacity is important because it represents the limit of how much air can be inhaled and can affect how much oxygen the body receives and how much carbon dioxide is expelled. Total lung capacity varies between individuals, influenced by factors such as age, gender, body size, and physical condition.