Question

Furosemide is a loop diuretic that causes diuresis. When taken twice daily, when should the second dose be taken?

Option 1: In the morning before breakfast.

Option 2: In the afternoon before lunch.

Option 3: In the evening before dinner.

Option 4: At bedtime.

Answer 1

Furosemide is a loop diuretic that inhibits sodium and chloride reabsorption in the kidneys' loop of Henle, thus causing diuresis. The second dose when taken twice daily should be in the afternoon before lunch to avoid sleep disruption from nocturnal urination. This timing ensures effectiveness without compromising sleep quality.

Step-by-step explanation:

Furosemide is a loop diuretic that causes diuresis by inhibiting the reabsorption of Na+ and Cl- ions in the kidney's loop of Henle. This leads to an increased urine output. It is commonly used to treat conditions such as hypertension. When furosemide is taken twice daily, the timing of the second dose is important to avoid disrupting sleep with frequent urination. The second dose should typically be taken in the afternoon, before lunch, to prevent nighttime diuresis. Option 1 (in the morning) is too early for a second dose if the first dose is also in the morning. Option 3 (in the evening) and Option 4 (at bedtime) are likely to result in sleep disturbances due to the need to urinate at night.

Loop diuretics like furosemide increase urination because they block the reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the kidneys, which leads to more water remaining in the urine. This increased fluid in the renal tubules pulls additional water into the urine, causing diuresis.